How Efficient are Engines: Thermodynamics and Combustion Efficiency

How efficient are engines? Combustion engines are stupefyingly inefficient. Most diesel engines do not even have a thermal efficiency of 50%. And, gasoline-powered vehicles are even more inefficient, considerably.

Engine Thermal Efficiency - an overview

Introduction to the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines and Their Efficiency

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Technical research on improving engine thermal efficiency - Hongyu Mu, Yinyan Wang, Chuanlei Yang, Hong Teng, Xingtian Zhao, Hongquan Lu, Dechun Wang, Shiyang Hao, Xiaolong Zhang, Yan Jin, 2022

Response to the Comments: Fuel Efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines

Fuel conversion efficiency –

Productivity is like a heat engine

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6 technologies that are extending the life of the internal combustion engine

Heat Engine - Definition, Heat Engine Efficiency, Carnot Engine

Overview of thermodynamic cycles - Thunder Said Energy

Introduction to the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Engines and Their Efficiency

Engine Efficiency