How to win a penalty shoot-out, according to science

With Morocco beating Spain in the second penalty shoot-out of the World Cup, research shows how teams can increase their chances

Penalty kicks: What, when, why and other rules, Qatar World Cup 2022

World Cup penalty kicks and the psychology behind the shootout - Sports Illustrated

A good run-up and shoot down the middle: what data tells us about penalty kick strategy, Women's World Cup 2023

Sweden Eliminates the U.S. From Women's World Cup, by a Millimeter - WSJ

The Science Behind Winning A Penalty Shoot Out

Investigating Loss Aversion in World Cup Penalty Shoot-Outs, by Mark MacArdle

Argentina wins World Cup, beating France 4-2 on penalties

Pollard's late penalty sends South Africa into World Cup final

The psychology behind penalty kicks and reaction time in the World Cup - The Washington Post

Winning Penalty Shootouts With Sport Psychology, by Dave Kearney

A Psychologist Spent Five Years Studying World Cup Penalty Shootouts - WSJ

Why penalty shootouts, despite their problems, are here to stay

The Numbers behind Penalty Shootout in World Cup – Northwestern Sports Analytics Group