Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]
Por um escritor misterioso
Last updated 18 abril 2025
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://dfzljdn9uc3pi.cloudfront.net/2022/14431/1/fig-1-2x.jpg)
Background Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are the result of the integration of retroviruses into host DNA following germline infection. Endogenous retroviruses are made up of three main genes: gag, pol, and env, each of which encodes viral proteins that can be conserved or not. ERVs have been observed in a wide range of vertebrate genomes and their functions are associated with viral silencing and gene regulation. Results In this work, we studied the evolutionary history of endogenous retroviruses associated with five human genes (INPP5B, DET1, PSMA1, USH2A, and MACROD2), which are located within intron sections. To verify the retroviral origin of the candidates, several approaches were used to detect and locate ERV elements. Both orthologous and paralogous genes were identified by Ensembl and then analyzed for ERV presence using RetroTector. A phylogenetic tree was reconstructed to identify the minimum time point of ERV acquisition. From that search, we detected ERVs throughout the primate lineage and in some other groups. Also, we identified the minimum origin of the ERVs from the parvorder Catarrhini to the Homininae subfamily. Conclusions With the data collected, and by observing the transcription factors annotated inside ERVs, we propose that these elements play a relevant role in gene expression regulation and they probably possess important features for tumorigenesis control.
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/publication/366699540_Human_Endogenous_Retroviruses_Friends_and_Foes_in_Urology_Clinics/links/63b3641b097c7832ca867b1f/largepreview.png)
PDF) Human Endogenous Retroviruses: Friends and Foes in Urology
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236106172/figure/fig2/AS:341095335645185@1458334873109/Phylogenetic-tree-of-primates-and-status-of-the-captured-endogenous-retrovirus-envelope.png)
Phylogenetic tree of primates, and status of the captured
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41594-020-0487-4/MediaObjects/41594_2020_487_Fig7_HTML.png)
Endogenous retroviruses drive species-specific germline
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://www.mdpi.com/biology/biology-10-00439/article_deploy/html/images/biology-10-00439-g002-550.jpg)
Biology, Free Full-Text
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2022/10/08/2022.10.08.511447/F6.large.jpg)
Skipper analysis of RNA-protein interactions highlights depletion
Paleovirology of 'syncytins', retroviral env genes exapted for a
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://bioone.org/ContentImages/Journals/bire/106/1/ioab173/graphic/WebImages/img-A5s_66.jpg)
Genomeactivation in equine in vitro–produced embryos†
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://royalsocietypublishing.org/cms/asset/9412f7be-af24-4374-9e15-873909f02731/rstb20120507f02.jpg)
Paleovirology of 'syncytins', retroviral env genes exapted for a
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://media.springernature.com/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fnature13804/MediaObjects/41586_2014_Article_BFnature13804_Fig2_HTML.jpg)
Primate-specific endogenous retrovirus-driven transcription
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2021/05/19/2021.05.19.444448/F7.large.jpg)
PiggyBac Transposable Element-derived 1 controls Neuronal
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://www.mdpi.com/viruses/viruses-13-00017/article_deploy/html/images/viruses-13-00017-g001.png)
Viruses, Free Full-Text
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2022/10/08/2022.10.08.511447/F8.large.jpg)
Skipper analysis of RNA-protein interactions highlights depletion
![Evolutionary analysis of endogenous intronic retroviruses in primates reveals an enrichment in transcription binding sites associated with key regulatory processes [PeerJ]](https://www.mdpi.com/biology/biology-10-00439/article_deploy/html/images/biology-10-00439-g001.png)
Biology, Free Full-Text
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